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longfin crevalle jack
The longfin crevalle jack, ''Caranx fischeri'', is a recently described species of large marine fish classified in the jack family, Carangidae. It inhabits the subtropical waters of the east Atlantic Ocean, ranging along the African coast from Mauritania south at least to Moçamedes in southern Angola, with the species historically present in the Mediterranean Sea. It is an inshore species, known to occasionally penetrate estuaries, possibly to spawn. The species is very similar to the crevalle jack, ''Caranx hippos'', and is separated by its extended dorsal and anal fin lobes as well as more detailed anatomical features including dorsal and anal fin ray counts. The fish is known to reach 127 cm in length and 20.9 kg in weight. The longfin crevalle jack is a predatory fish, taking small fish as its main prey. Due to longstanding confusion between ''C. fischeri'' and ''C. hippos'', the importance of each species to African fisheries is poorly understood, with a known combined catch in this region of between 2,233 and 10,054 tonnes per year in 1995-2004. Like its close relatives, the species is considered a powerful gamefish and highly sought after, although their coarse flesh makes for relatively poor quality food.
==Taxonomy and naming==
The longfin crevalle jack is classified within the genus ''Caranx'', one of a number of groups known as the jacks or trevallies. ''Caranx'' itself is part of the larger jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae, a group of percoid fishes in the order Perciformes.
The species belongs to the "''Caranx hippos'' complex" as defined by William Smith-Vaniz and Kent Carpenter, which includes ''C. fischeri'', ''C. hippos'' and ''C. caninus''. The identity of the species was entangled with ''C. hippos'' until William Smith-Vaniz and Ken Carpenter described the species in full in 2007, anatomically setting it aside from ''C. hippos''. The holotype specimen is derived from a specimen collected in 1978 off Cameroon, and was initially referred to ''C. hippos''. The species has no synonyms due to its recent description, but the species has been misidentified as both ''C. hippos'' and ''C. carangus'' (now synonymous with ''C. hippos''). The specific epithet is in reference to Dr. Walter Fischer, a former official of the FAO who initiated the Species Identification and Data Program. The naming of the new species was presented at an IGCC and FAO meeting. The species common name as defined by Smith-Vaniz and Carpenter is 'longfin crevalle jack', referring to the extended fin lobes which separates the species from the crevalle jack.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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